Eduqas GCSE Geography A key terms

Molten rock that has erupted onto the Earth’s surface.

Molten rock moving across the Earth's surface after being erupted from a volcano.

A hollow passage left when flowing lava drains out from beneath a solidified lava crust.

The removal of dissolved nutrients from soil by water moving through it.

Money generated by tourism that leaves the destination economy, for example through profits paid to foreign owners or purchases of imported goods.

The percentage of a population living in towns and cities at a particular time.

The average number of years a person can expect to live.

A response scale recording degrees of agreement with a statement, usually from strongly disagree to strongly agree.

A line drawn to represent the overall relationship in a scatter plot, rather than passing through every point.

The percentage of people in a specified population who can read and write.

Dead organic material on the ground, such as fallen leaves.

A scale on which equal steps represent multiplication by a fixed factor rather than addition of a fixed amount.

An investigation that compares measurements at successive locations along a feature, such as sites downstream along a river.

The movement of sediment along a coastline by waves.

Assistance intended to bring lasting improvements to people’s living conditions and opportunities.

A country with a low average income per person. The Eduqas specification uses the World Bank’s 2013 definition: GNI per capita of US$1,045 or less.

A country with low average income per person. The historical classification used in this course defines LICs as having GNI per capita of US$1,045 or less in 2013.

An area of relatively low-lying land, often with gentle slopes.

Molten rock beneath the Earth’s surface.

An underground reservoir where magma is stored.

The size of a quantity or event.

An infectious disease transmitted to people by infected mosquitoes.

Allowing selected areas to flood so that they store water away from more vulnerable places.

Moving a coastal defence line inland to a planned new position, allowing selected land in front of it to become exposed to the sea.

A planned policy allowing the shoreline to move inland, sometimes by moving defences back and allowing selected land to flood.

The relationship between a distance on a map and the corresponding distance on the ground.

A climate strongly influenced by the sea, with relatively mild winters, cooler summers and a smaller annual temperature range.