Edexcel GCSE Geography B key terms

A cross-section across a river valley, showing the shape of the valley floor and its sides.

A characteristic that can vary between observations, such as river width, water depth or distance downstream.

The speed of the river’s flowing water, usually measured in metres per second ($\text{m/s}$).

A fluid's resistance to flowing. High-viscosity magma is thick and sticky; low-viscosity magma flows easily.

The susceptibility of people or property to harm from a hazard, influenced by factors such as building quality and access to resources.

The chemical and biological characteristics of water that determine whether it is suitable for a particular use or for supporting aquatic life.

An indentation eroded into the base of a cliff by waves.

A relatively flat rock surface left in front of a retreating cliff, often exposed at low tide.

The breakdown of rock in the place where it is found.

Prevailing winds in the middle latitudes that blow from west to east.

A change in wind speed or direction with height in the atmosphere.

A population with a large proportion of children and young people.