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GCSE Geography · key term
The breakdown of rock in place, without its removal.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification 3.1.3.2 · Paper 1
Revise: Wave Types and Coastal ProcessesMeanwhile, weathering weakens rock on land and gravity moves unstable material downhill. These processes work together: a weathered cliff can collapse, supplying fragments that waves then transport.
Specification 1.2, 1.3, 1.6, 1.7 · Paper 1
The breakdown of rock in place by physical, chemical or biological processes.
Revise: Physical Processes Shaping LandscapesIce, weathering, rivers and gravity have modified those rocks over time. Climate affects which processes operate: cold conditions allow ice to form, while rainfall supplies water for weathering, rivers and slope movement. Today's landscape therefore contains both features inherited from colder periods and features still being changed.
The breakdown of rock in its original position, without the material being transported.
The breakdown of rock in place by mechanical, chemical or biological processes.
The breakdown of rock in its original position, without transporting it away.
Paper 2
The breakdown of rock in place by physical, chemical or biological processes.
Revise: Physical Processes Shaping Upland and Lowland LandscapesThe rugged Scottish Highlands, Snowdonia and Lake District contrast with the flatter Fens and the broad Thames Valley. Their different relief reflects more than one influence: the underlying rocks, past glaciation, climate, weathering, rivers and slope processes all interact.
The breakdown of rock in place, without transporting the broken material.
The breakdown of rock in the place where it is found.
Specification 3.2a, 3.2b · Paper 1, Paper 3
The breakdown of rock in its original position, without its removal.
Revise: Geomorphic Processes: Weathering, Mass Movement, Erosion, Transport and DepositionWeathering breaks down rock where it stands. Gravity can then move loosened material downhill. Rivers and waves erode surfaces, transport material and deposit it elsewhere.
The breakdown of rock in place, without its removal by an agent of erosion.
The breakdown of rock in its existing location, without its removal.
Distinguish weathering in place from downhill mass movement and erosion by waves.
Describe rock resistance comparatively. A rock that resists one process well may still be vulnerable to another, such as chemical weathering.
Show interaction rather than listing processes: glaciers steepen valley sides, weathering loosens rock, and slope processes move it.
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