Edexcel GCSE Geography B Key Terms

A flood event with a 0.1% chance of occurring in any given year (Low Probability).

A flood event with a 1% chance of occurring in any given year (High Probability).

A spatial coordination tool used by aid agencies to visualise 'Who is doing What, Where' to prevent overlaps or gaps in disaster relief.

A proposal by the International Energy Agency to limit atmospheric carbon dioxide to 450ppm, which would deliberately and significantly reduce future oil demand.

A reference identifying a 1km² square on an OS map.

A precise reference identifying a point to within 100m on an OS map.

The maximum length (longest axis) of a pebble or rock, usually measured in millimetres using callipers.

Shortened text used on OS maps to label human features, such as 'Sch' for School or 'Wks' for Works.

The non-living components of an ecosystem, including climate, soil, water, and sunlight.

An erosional process where transported rocks scrape against the river bed and banks, acting like sandpaper to smooth the channel.

A fixed condition where an individual's income falls below the level required to meet basic survival needs, currently defined as living on less than $2.15 a day.

The ease and safety of reaching a fieldwork site, usually via public footpaths or rights of way.

Countryside areas that are close to urban centres and have strong transport links, allowing for easy commuting.

How close a recorded measurement is to the true value, which depends on the precision of the equipment used.

Rain, snow, or fog that has a pH lower than 5.7 due to atmospheric pollution from sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides.

Precipitation with a pH lower than 5.7, formed when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides react with atmospheric water.

The top layer of soil above the permafrost that thaws during the summer, allowing for seasonal plant growth.

A physical or behavioural feature that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its specific environment.

The process by which the temperature of an air parcel decreases as it rises and expands due to lower atmospheric pressure in the upper atmosphere.

The horizontal transfer of heat or moisture by the movement of air (wind).

The process of deliberately planting trees on land that has not recently been covered by forest.

A demographic trend where the median age of a country rises and the proportion of people over 65 increases significantly.

The clustering of similar businesses in close proximity to share ideas, skills, and infrastructure.

Increasing food production from the same area of land through the use of technology, such as fertilisers or irrigation.

A land-use system where trees or shrubs are grown among crops or pastureland to mimic the multi-layered structure of a natural forest.

A specific statement explaining what the geographical enquiry attempts to achieve or investigate in a particular location.

The reflectivity of a surface, where light surfaces like ice reflect high amounts of solar radiation and dark surfaces like oceans absorb it.

The measure of how much solar radiation a surface reflects back into space.

Fine sediment, such as silt and clay, deposited by a river on its floodplain.

A city considered to be a primary node and key player in the global economic network.