AQA GCSE Physical Education key terms

The breastbone at the front and centre of the chest.

A substance that increases activity in parts of the brain or body, increasing alertness and reducing reaction time.

The ability of a muscle or muscle group to exert force against resistance.

A method used before or during performance to control stress and arousal so that the performer is better prepared to perform.

The volume of blood pumped out of the heart with each beat.

The height, shape and build that the framework of bones gives the body.

Based on an individual's feelings, opinions or judgement rather than solely on an objective measurement.

Testing performed below a participant's maximum effort or capacity.

The skeletal function of bearing body weight, keeping the body upright and holding body parts in position.

An investigation that collects information from participants, often using a questionnaire, and analyses their responses.

A fluid that lubricates a synovial joint, reducing friction during movement.

A freely movable joint where bones meet with a fluid-filled joint cavity between them.

The lining inside the joint capsule that produces synovial fluid.

The contraction phase of a heart chamber, during which blood is forced out.

Information arranged in rows and columns, with headings identifying what each value represents.

The ankle bone positioned beneath the tibia and fibula.

A physical reward that can be touched, such as a certificate, trophy or medal.

Supporting a joint with tape or a brace where necessary, for example when returning to activity after an injury.

The method and body positioning used to perform an exercise or sporting movement.

The application of scientific knowledge, equipment and digital systems to support activities such as training, officiating and watching sport.

Boredom caused by repetitive training, which can be reduced by including suitable variety.

A tough band of connective tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone and transmits the muscle’s pulling force.

The prescribed method for carrying out a test, including its equipment, procedures, rules and scoring.

A lever system with the effort between the fulcrum and the load.

The shin bone: the larger lower-leg bone, extending between the knee and ankle.

The muscle at the front of the lower leg beside the shin that helps draw the foot upwards at the ankle.

The volume of air breathed in or out in one normal breath.