AQA GCSE Mathematics key terms

A diagram showing the minimum, lower quartile, median, upper quartile and maximum of a distribution on a numerical scale.

To place a value between a known lower bound and a known upper bound.

Grouping symbols which show that an operation applies to the complete expression inside them.

Removing a common non-zero factor from the numerator and denominator of a fraction or quotient.

The amount a container can hold, commonly measured in millilitres, centilitres or litres.

A system for locating points using two perpendicular number lines, usually called the $x$-axis and $y$-axis.

Data described using names or labels rather than measured numerical values, such as favourite sports or methods of travel.

A relationship in which a change in one factor produces a change in another.

The angle at the centre of a circle between the two radii that bound an arc or sector.

The fixed point that is the same distance from every point on a circle.

A fixed point from which distances to corresponding points are multiplied during an enlargement.

A straight line segment joining two points on a circle's circumference.

A circle is the set of all points that are the same distance from a fixed point called the centre.

The distance once around the boundary of a circle.

A range used to group data values together.

The difference between the upper and lower boundaries of a class interval.

The numerical multiplier of a variable; for example, the coefficient of $x$ in $3x$ is $3$.

Points are collinear if they lie on the same straight line.

Points that lie on the same straight line.

A vector written vertically with its horizontal movement on top and its vertical movement underneath.

A selection formed by choosing items from specified groups or categories.

Two or more outcomes considered together, such as obtaining a head and then rolling a six.

A denominator shared by two or more fractions so that they can be added or subtracted.

The fixed amount added to one term of an arithmetic progression to obtain the next; it can be positive, negative or zero.

A factor of each of two or more numbers.

A multiple of each of two or more numbers.

The fixed multiplier between consecutive terms of a geometric progression, found by dividing a term by the preceding non-zero term.