Mathematics key terms

A symbol, usually a letter, that represents a number which may vary or be unknown.

Value added tax: a tax included in the price of many goods and services.

A quantity that has both a magnitude and a direction; geometrically, it represents a directed movement.

A graph showing how an object's velocity changes over time.

A diagram that shows relationships between sets using regions, usually circles within a rectangle.

A corner of a 3D shape where edges meet. The plural is vertices.

A vertical line that a curve approaches increasingly closely; for a tangent graph, the function is undefined on this line.

A chart that uses separate vertical lines to show the frequencies of ungrouped discrete numerical values.

Angles formed opposite each other when two straight lines cross; each opposite pair is equal.

The amount of three-dimensional space occupied by an object.

The multiplier that changes corresponding volumes or capacities from one similar solid to another.

A correlation in which the points are more spread out around the overall trend.

The quantity treated as the complete amount and represented by 100%.

Choosing an item without returning it before the next choice, so fewer options remain.

The horizontal number line in a Cartesian coordinate system.

The point where a graph crosses or meets the $x$-axis; its $y$-coordinate is zero.

The vertical number line in a Cartesian coordinate system.

The point where a graph crosses or meets the $y$-axis; its $x$-coordinate is zero.

A positive and a negative quantity of equal magnitude that combine to make zero, such as $6+(-6)$.

The rule that if a product is zero, at least one of its factors must be zero.

The rule that if a product is zero, at least one of its factors must be zero: if $AB=0$, then $A=0$ or $B=0$.