Key terms & definitions

Principles or priorities that influence what a person or group considers important, desirable or acceptable.

A structure that prevents blood flowing backwards, keeping it moving in one direction.

A structure that prevents backflow, maintaining one-way blood flow.

A structure that opens and closes in response to pressure differences, keeping blood flowing in one direction by preventing backflow.

Sharing what one has with others, including people in need.

The Sikh teaching that a person should share what they have with others.

A point towards which a set of parallel edges appears to converge in a perspective drawing.

An excessive concern with being admired or thought well of by other people.

The change of state from a liquid to a gas.

An elite Byzantine military force established around 988, including Scandinavian warriors, which served as the emperor’s personal bodyguard as well as fighting in campaigns.

A name used for Scandinavian traders and warriors active in eastern Europe, and later for warriors serving eastern rulers.

A characteristic that can vary between observations, such as river width, water depth or distance downstream.

A characteristic or quantity that can change and can be measured, counted or grouped.

A letter or symbol representing a quantity whose value may vary.

A letter or symbol representing a quantity whose value can vary or be unknown.

A letter or symbol representing a quantity whose value may vary or is not yet known.

A named storage location holding a value that a program can use or change.

A characteristic or quantity that can take different values for different people or items.

A named storage location for a value that can change while a program runs, such as a count.

A characteristic or factor that can vary between people, groups or situations, such as household income or educational achievement.

A factor that can change or take different values in a study.

A cost that changes with output, such as the total cost of raw materials.

A production cost that changes with the number of products made, such as the total cost of materials used.

The cost associated with producing or supplying one unit that contributes to costs which change with output, such as ingredients or packaging.

Practice of a skill in different situations or conditions, requiring the performer to adapt.

A component whose resistance can be adjusted to control the current and potential difference in a circuit.

A resistor whose resistance can be adjusted to control the current in a circuit.

A resistor whose resistance can be adjusted, allowing a circuit setting such as sensitivity to be changed.

A measure of spread equal to the square of the standard deviation: $\sigma^2$.

A different version of a gene; also called a genetic variant or allele.