Key terms & definitions

A place where some people believe the boundary between heaven and earth feels especially close, helping them experience God's presence.

A method of showing an object in aligned, separate 2D views, with the plan above the front view and the right-side view to its right.

A lever system with the effort between the fulcrum and the load.

An additional variable that may influence both variables being studied, helping to explain their correlation.

The Soviet economic plan begun in January 1938, which expanded heavy industry and armaments production before being interrupted by the German invasion in June 1941.

The allegation that elements within South Africa’s security establishment secretly encouraged political violence to weaken the ANC and disrupt the transition.

A pair of equal-sized forces in opposite directions that two interacting objects exert on each other. The forces act on different objects.

Two equal and opposite forces of the same type, exerted by two interacting objects on each other. Each force acts on a different object.

Narration using pronouns such as “he”, “she” or “they”, rather than a character telling the story as “I”.

Narration that refers to characters by names or pronouns such as ‘he’, ‘she’ and ‘they’, rather than telling their story as ‘I’.

A voice that describes characters as ‘he’, ‘she’ or ‘they’, rather than speaking as ‘I’. In ‘War Photographer’, this voice reveals the photographer’s memories while maintaining some distance from him.

A narrative voice outside the action that refers to characters as ‘he’, ‘she’ or ‘they’ and can reveal the thoughts of different characters.

The Buddhist training rule to refrain from sexual misconduct: sexual behaviour that breaches ethical responsibilities, such as through betrayal, exploitation or harm.

Another factor that could explain an apparent relationship between the two measured variables.

A historic statement of Church of England doctrine, including teaching about sacraments, baptism and the Lord’s Supper.

A tomb with a circular chamber and a corbelled stone roof, often called a beehive tomb.

A supporting frame used to hold a fractured leg steady and prevent complications caused by movement.

The policy associated with Laud and Strafford of strengthening royal authority through efficient, centralised administration and uncompromising enforcement.

Mental activity involved in forming ideas, understanding concepts and reasoning.

Attempts to make people adopt officially approved beliefs and reject competing ideas, using education, pressure and punishment.

One of one thousand equal parts of a whole; the third place to the right of the decimal point.

A gladiator armed with a short, angled sword and small shield, with long greaves protecting the legs and thighs; also called a Thracian.

An enslaved person at the bottom of Viking society, without the freedom of a farmer or landowner.

Cutting an external screw thread on a cylindrical rod using a die.

A narrative pattern organised into setup, confrontation and resolution.

A cable containing three separately insulated conducting wires: live, neutral and earth.

Restrictions introduced during the energy crisis of winter 1973–74 that limited electricity use by many businesses to three specified days each week.

A representation showing the spatial arrangement of atoms and bonds in three dimensions.

A representation that shows or suggests height, width and depth.

An arrangement that has length, width and depth.