Key terms & definitions

Spread of a pathogen when it enters another person's body through the mouth.

A skilled public speaker, especially one who can persuade listeners.

The ability to speak effectively and persuasively, adapting language and arguments to an audience.

The skill or practice of public speaking.

The path an object follows around another object in space.

Long-term variations in the shape of the Earth's orbit, its axial tilt and the direction of its axis, which change the distribution of sunlight received by the Earth.

The time taken for an orbiting body to complete one orbit.

The distance from an orbiting object to the centre of the body it orbits.

How fast an object moves along its orbit.

An organised group of musicians playing instruments together, including sections such as strings and wind instruments.

The semicircular space between the stage and the audience seating in a Roman theatre; it could accommodate distinguished spectators.

A dangerous test believed to allow God to demonstrate whether a person was innocent or truthful.

An ordered result such as $(2,5)$, where the position of each value identifies the experiment that produced it.

A change in performance caused by the sequence in which conditions are completed, such as practice, fatigue or boredom.

Changes in performance caused by completing conditions in a particular sequence, such as improvement through practice or deterioration through fatigue.

The process of preparing and completing customer orders, including picking, packing and dispatching goods.

The size of a matrix, written as number of rows × number of columns.

A factor of ten in size: a hundredfold difference is two orders of magnitude.

A tenfold difference in size or quantity; two orders of magnitude represent a factor of $10^2=100$.

The power of ten that describes the approximate scale of a value.

The power of ten that represents the approximate scale of a quantity.

A factor of ten in the size of a quantity. A factor of $10^3$, or 1000, represents a difference of three orders of magnitude.

The scale of a quantity described using powers of ten. A difference of one order of magnitude means a factor of ten.

The agreed sequence in which operations are evaluated: brackets and indices before multiplication and division, then addition and subtraction.

The number of positions in one complete turn at which a shape matches itself, including the position reached at $360^\circ$.

Categorical data whose categories have a meaningful order, such as responses from strongly disagree to strongly agree.

A practice commanded by Jesus. Some Protestant churches use this term for baptism and the Lord’s Supper, emphasising obedience and the expression of faith.

The usual decimal representation of a number rather than its representation in standard form.

A number written in its usual decimal notation rather than in standard form.

The formal process through which someone becomes an authorised religious minister, such as a Christian priest.