Key terms & definitions

An expectation about how someone should behave because of their gender.

Social expectations about how people should behave because of their gender.

The process through which people learn the gender roles and expectations of their society.

A fixed generalisation about the characteristics or behaviour expected of people of a particular gender.

A widely held, simplified belief about the characteristics or roles of women and men.

A section of DNA that carries instructions affecting how the body develops or functions.

A section of DNA that influences a characteristic and can be passed from parent to offspring.

A section of DNA that carries information affecting an organism’s characteristics and can be passed on to offspring.

The use of a gene’s instructions to produce its protein.

The movement of alleles between populations when their members interbreed.

The transfer of genes between breeding populations, for example when pollen from a genetically engineered tree fertilises a compatible wild tree.

A change in a gene that may affect how a cell functions.

All the different alleles present in a population.

All the alleles present in a population.

An election in which voters across the UK choose the MPs who will represent their constituencies in the House of Commons.

An algebraic formula that represents every member of a homologous series using a variable such as $n$ for the number of carbon atoms.

A formula describing a family of compounds using a variable such as $n$ to represent the number of carbon atoms.

The central area of occupied Poland administered by the Nazis under Hans Frank, separate from Polish territories incorporated into Germany.

The extent to which findings from a study can be applied beyond the people who were studied.

The extent to which findings can be applied beyond the participants and circumstances studied.

A conclusion extended beyond the particular people or situations examined in research.

Applying findings from a sample to the wider population it is intended to represent.

A computer designed to run different programs for many different tasks.

Knowledge of the divine available indirectly to everyone, rather than through a direct experience given to a particular person.

The Communist Party’s senior administrative position, which gave Stalin influence over appointments and promotions within the Party.

A coordinated stoppage of work across several industries, rather than a strike confined to one workplace or occupation.

The governing council of the Church of England, which discusses and makes decisions about Church matters.

The overall direction of change in data over time, which may be rising, falling or level.

A horizontal level in a pedigree containing family members at the same stage of descent, such as parents or their children.

Conflict between people of different generations over their expectations, values or behaviour.