Key terms & definitions

An increase in the amount of flavour-producing ingredients relative to the water remaining in a sauce.

An ingredient used to give food a particular taste or aroma.

A concentrated mixture of finely ground or blended ingredients used to add flavour, such as curry paste.

An additive that strengthens or improves the flavour of a food.

The commander of a Roman fleet; in the Imperial period, the office placed a permanent fleet under imperial authority.

A hand rule that relates the mutually perpendicular directions of magnetic field, conventional current and force on a current-carrying conductor.

A rule relating force, magnetic field and conventional current: the left thumb indicates force, the first finger field and the second finger current, with all three held at right angles.

Migrants from Flanders in the Low Countries, many of whom brought weaving skills to sixteenth-century England.

The ability to bend without breaking.

The ability to bend easily; a stiff material resists bending.

The range of movement possible at a joint.

The ability of a material or structure to bend or flex without breaking.

An arrangement allowing employees some choice over when they complete their required working hours, within limits agreed with the employer.

An interconnected collection of adaptable, computer-controlled manufacturing machines that can change between products or tasks.

An arrangement allowing variation in when, where or how working hours are organised.

A movement that decreases the angle at a joint, such as bending the elbow or knee.

A flexible working arrangement in which employees choose some of their working times, usually around compulsory core hours.

The departure of leading Gaelic Irish chiefs and their followers from Ireland in 1607, after which the Crown confiscated extensive lands in Ulster.

A firearm mechanism that uses flint striking steel to produce sparks and ignite the gunpowder needed to fire the weapon.

A length of yarn that passes over several crossing yarns before interlacing again.

Punishment by whipping; Pilate had Jesus flogged before handing him over for crucifixion.

A structure with gates across a river or estuary that can be closed to prevent high water, such as a tidal storm surge, moving inland.

The potentially damaging flood event, described using characteristics such as its likelihood and depth.

A graph showing how river discharge changes over time following a rainfall event, usually displayed alongside rainfall.

A broad, relatively flat area beside a river that can be covered by water during floods.

A broad, relatively flat area beside a river that can be covered by water when the river floods.

Keeping floodplain land available to flood, with development restricted so that water can spread and be stored with less damage.

Restricting different land uses according to their flood risk, keeping vulnerable or high-value development away from the most flood-prone land.

Planning controls that restrict vulnerable development on land liable to river flooding.

The likelihood that flooding will occur in an area.