Key terms & definitions

A production cost that does not change with the number of products made within a given production range, such as a fixed machining charge.

A consistent, defined observation used to stop timing, such as the moment a cross is no longer visible.

A sample of gas in which no gas particles enter or leave, so its mass and number of particles remain unchanged.

A belief that intelligence and ability are set and cannot be substantially changed through effort or practice.

Particles held in place within a coating or another material, so they are less likely to be released and enter the body or environment.

A pivot whose position stays fixed relative to the product's frame while a connected part turns around it.

A value unchanged by an iteration rule, so $x=g(x)$.

Taking photographs from the same position repeatedly so that changes in a landscape can be compared over time.

Repeated practice of the same skill under stable, unchanging conditions.

A physical site from which a business operates, such as a shop, café, office or warehouse.

A circuit component whose resistance is designed to remain constant under fixed physical conditions.

A component with a set resistance that limits current in a circuit.

A component with a set resistance, used to restrict current or help establish voltages in a circuit.

A device that holds and locates a workpiece securely while it is being worked on.

A long, narrow inlet of the sea bordered by steep land, characteristic of Norway's coastline.

A variable used to record whether a condition has occurred, often using the Boolean values true and false.

A person who whips themselves as an act of religious penance.

People who whipped themselves as an act of religious repentance, hoping to gain God's forgiveness and end the plague.

The long, whip-like part of a sperm cell that propels it towards an egg.

A long, tail-like structure that enables a cell, such as a bacterium, to move.

A prominent programme that helps represent an organisation’s identity, reputation and quality.

An instrumental method that analyses metal ions in a solution using the light emitted when the sample is placed in a flame.

A priest responsible for the rites of a particular deity. Numa appointed flamens for Jupiter, Mars and Quirinus.

The Roman priest of Jupiter whose wife held the office of Flaminica Dialis.

An instrument that provides data which can be used to identify metal ions and determine their concentrations in dilute solutions.

A treatment or additive that reduces how readily a material ignites or burns.

A chemical treatment that reduces how readily a fabric ignites or how quickly it burns.

A qualitative test in which a sample is heated in a flame and a characteristic flame colour may reveal the metal ion present.

The wife of the Flamen Dialis, with a religious role of her own that depended on their marriage.

How easily a substance catches fire and burns.