Key terms & definitions

The belief that if one country became communist, neighbouring countries would follow, like a row of falling dominoes.

Delayed onset muscle soreness: muscle discomfort that develops after exercise, often becoming noticeable in the following days.

A private Roman house, typically associated with a wealthier household. The plural is also domus.

The grants of territories and royal titles announced by Antony in Alexandria in 34 BC for Cleopatra and her children, alongside his recognition of Caesarion as Caesar’s son.

Additional gifts or bonus payments given to soldiers by an emperor.

A country or organisation that provides aid.

A person who provides cells, tissue or an organ for transplantation.

In Never Let Me Go, a clone whose organs are removed for other people’s medical treatment; the role is imposed rather than freely chosen.

In Propp’s theory, a character who provides an object, resource or sacrifice that enables the hero to progress.

A coastal management approach that allows natural erosion and flooding to continue without intervention to prevent them.

A monoamine neurotransmitter involved in processes including attention and the regulation of brain activity.

The proposal that an overactive dopamine system, involving excessive dopamine signalling and receptor stimulation, contributes to schizophrenia.

A nerve cell that uses dopamine as its neurotransmitter to communicate with other neurons.

A double or counterpart of a person, often used in Gothic fiction to expose a hidden or threatening aspect of identity.

A change in the observed frequency and wavelength of waves caused by motion of the wave source relative to an observer.

The Defence of the Realm Act, which gave the British government emergency powers during the First World War.

A period when an organism greatly reduces its activity and growth to survive unfavourable conditions.

A period when a viable seed does not germinate, even though it may later be able to grow.

A settlement where many residents travel elsewhere to work, leaving it relatively quiet during the working day.

A settlement where many residents travel elsewhere to work, leaving fewer people there during the day.

A settlement where many residents travel elsewhere to work, leaving fewer people there during the working day.

Movement at the ankle that brings the top of the foot towards the shin.

Movement at the ankle that brings the top of the foot towards the shin, decreasing the angle between them.

A region towards the upper, outer sides of the prefrontal cortex, involved in demanding cognitive tasks. Abbreviated to DLPFC.

The quantity of a drug given at one time or at stated intervals.

The amount of a drug given at one time.

A device worn by a worker to monitor the radiation dose that they receive.

A device worn by someone working with radiation to monitor their accumulated radiation dose.

A diagram that uses different symbols, usually dots and crosses, to distinguish electrons originally belonging to different atoms.

A representation of electrons using different symbols to show which atoms the electrons originally came from.