Key terms & definitions

A map in which each dot represents a stated number of people, households or other items within an area, rather than necessarily marking their exact locations.

A map showing distribution using dots, with each dot representing a fixed quantity stated in the key.

A notation that marks recurring digits with dots. One dot marks a single recurring digit; for a longer block, dots mark its first and last digits.

Accessing a named field by writing the record variable's name, a dot and the field name, for example myCar.model.

A character who mirrors or contrasts with another character, revealing aspects of identity, desire or conflict.

A spy who appears to serve one side while secretly working for its opponent.

A procedure in which neither participants nor the researchers interacting with them know which experimental condition each participant is in.

A trial in which neither the patients nor the doctors assessing them know who receives the drug and who receives the placebo until the results are collected.

A trial in which neither the participants nor the staff conducting the trial know who receives the drug and who receives the placebo during testing.

A covalent bond containing two shared pairs of electrons.

A covalent bond in which two atoms share two pairs of electrons.

The expectation that women would perform paid work while remaining responsible for housework and family care.

A circulatory arrangement in which blood passes through the heart twice during one complete journey through the lungs and the rest of the body.

A system in which blood passes through the heart twice during one complete journey around the body: once on its way to the lungs and once on its way to the rest of the body.

A transport system in which blood passes through the heart twice during one complete circuit: once through the lungs and once through the rest of the body.

A circulation in which blood passes through the heart twice during one complete journey through the lungs and the body.

Two identical consonant letters next to one another within a word, such as ‘ss’ in ‘necessary’.

A bond in which two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms.

The combined burden of paid employment and unpaid work at home, such as cooking, cleaning and childcare.

The view that female offenders may be judged more harshly because they are seen as breaking both the law and expectations of appropriate female behaviour.

A design framework with four stages—Discover, Define, Develop and Deliver—which alternates broad exploration with focused decision-making.

The principle that a good action may be permissible despite a foreseen harmful effect, provided the harm is not intended or used to achieve the good and there is a proportionately serious reason.

An expression with two possible meanings, often with one meaning being sexual or indecent.

A manoeuvre in which an army attacks around both sides of an enemy formation, enclosing it rather than only confronting it from the front.

The coiled shape formed by DNA's two strands.

A shape formed by two chains wound around each other like a twisted ladder.

The shape formed by two strands wound around each other.

Protection using two insulating barriers between live parts and the user, such as insulation around internal wires and an insulating outer case.

The point $(\overline{x},\overline{y})$, whose coordinates are the mean of the x-values and the mean of the y-values.

Two connected storylines whose similarities and differences help create meaning.