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Browse key terms and definitions across all GCSE subjects. Search by keyword or filter by subject and exam board.
23,110 key terms
Class
A person’s social and economic position, associated with factors such as wealth, occupation and access to opportunities.
Class alignment
A strong association between social class and voting behaviour.
Class boundary
A boundary that separates neighbouring continuous classes without gaps or overlaps.
Class boundary
An endpoint separating adjacent class intervals. For rounded measurements, class boundaries account for the precision of rounding.
Class conflict
A struggle between social classes whose economic interests oppose one another.
Class deal
Carlen’s term for the promise that respectable working-class women can obtain consumer goods through paid work.
Class dealignment
A weakening association between social class and voting behaviour.
Class diversity
Differences in family life associated with a family's position in the social class system, including its access to resources.
Class hierarchy
A difference in social standing that shapes relationships and expectations, such as the relationship between a wealthy employer and a household servant.
Classical conditioning
Learning through association: after repeated pairings, a stimulus can produce a learned response.
Classical hero
An exceptional figure whose actions embody or test qualities valued by a community, such as courage, excellence, honour and duty. A classical literary hero need not be morally faultless or victorious.
Classification
The organisation of organisms into groups according to shared characteristics and relationships.
Classification
The process of placing substances into groups by comparing characteristic properties or structures.
Classification
The organisation of living organisms into groups using shared characteristics.
Classification
The organisation of conditions into diagnostic categories using specified features or criteria.
Class inequality
The economic and social circumstances that give some people greater security, influence and opportunities than others.
Class interval
A range used to group numerical observations, such as depths from 10 cm up to, but not including, 20 cm.
Class interval
A numerical range used to group measurements, with boundaries that determine which values belong in it.
Class interval
A range used to group data values together.
Class interval
A range used to group numerical observations, such as minutes.
Class interval
A range of values used to group numerical data, with boundaries that determine which observations belong to it.
Classless society
A society without divisions into social classes.
Class midpoint
The value halfway between the lower and upper boundaries of a class interval.
Class midpoint
The value halfway between the endpoints of a class interval, used to represent observations in that interval when estimating an average.
Class polarisation
The widening division between the capitalist class and the working class, producing increasingly opposed class positions.
Class prejudice
An unfair judgement of a person based on their social class rather than their individual qualities or behaviour.
Class reproduction
The continuation of class inequalities across generations, as children tend to enter class positions similar to those of their parents.
Class solidarity
A sense of shared interests and mutual support among people in the same social class.
Class struggle
Conflict between social classes with opposing interests. Mao believed continuing class struggle was necessary to prevent capitalism returning after the communist revolution.
Class struggle
Conflict between social classes whose economic interests oppose one another; Marx regarded it as the driving force of social change.
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