OCR GCSE Chemistry B key terms

A new or improved practical application of scientific knowledge, such as a product, process or device.

The measured difference between the final extreme temperature and the initial temperature: ΔT = T_final − T_initial.

The ability of a material to withstand a pulling force without breaking.

An arrangement in which one atom is bonded to four others directed towards the corners of a triangular-based pyramid.

The maximum mass of product predicted from a balanced chemical equation when the stated amount of reactant reacts completely and the required other reactants are available.

A value predicted from a model or equation rather than obtained by measuring the result of an actual experiment.

The maximum amount of a specified product predicted from the starting reactants using the balanced equation, assuming the reaction goes as expected and all the product is collected.

A representation showing the spatial arrangement of atoms and bonds in three dimensions.

A representation that shows the spatial arrangement of atoms in three dimensions.

An analytical method in which a measured volume of one solution is added to another to determine an unknown concentration.

The volume of solution delivered from a burette during a titration, found by subtracting its initial reading from its final reading.

A substance that causes harmful effects if it enters the body.

A member of the family of metals in the central block of the periodic table that typically has properties such as high density and the ability to form coloured compounds.

A general pattern in data, such as an increase, decrease or levelling off.

A covalent bond formed from three shared pairs of electrons.

A covalent bond containing three shared pairs of electrons.

A diagram showing a three-dimensional arrangement on a flat surface, using the positions of atoms and bonds to suggest depth.

A lack of complete confidence in a value or conclusion because data may be estimated, incomplete or variable.

An effect that was not intended when a technology or process was introduced.

An agreed standard used to express the magnitude of a quantity, such as grams for mass or cubic centimetres for volume.

Changing a measurement from one unit to an equivalent value in another unit.

A standard letter or group of letters representing a unit, such as g for gram or J for joule.

A mixture of indicators that produces a range of colours at different pH values, allowing the approximate pH of a solution to be estimated.

Whether a method and its data measure what the investigation is intended to measure.

One of the deliberately selected settings of the independent variable, such as a particular concentration or temperature.

A choice influenced by what a person or organisation considers most important, rather than determined by measurements alone.

Principles or priorities that influence what a person or group considers important, desirable or acceptable.