OCR GCSE Chemistry B key terms

A solution with a pH below 7 and a relatively high concentration of hydrogen ions.

The extent to which an aqueous solution is acidic, represented by its pH.

Rain or other precipitation made unusually acidic mainly by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides reacting with oxygen and water in the atmosphere.

A temporary, unstable arrangement of atoms formed as reactants change into products.

The minimum energy that reacting particles must have for a reaction to occur; on a reaction profile, it is the energy difference from the reactants’ level to the peak.

The part of an enzyme where its substrate binds.

The amount of a specified product obtained and measured after a reaction and its collection steps.

A reaction in which many unsaturated monomers join to form a polymer as the only product.

A reaction in which atoms are added to the two carbon atoms of a carbon–carbon double bond, leaving a carbon–carbon single bond.

Adding air to water, usually to supply oxygen to microorganisms during biological treatment.

An organic compound containing the $–OH$ functional group attached to a carbon chain.

A precisely measured portion of a solution, commonly transferred using a volumetric pipette.

A soluble base whose solution contains hydroxide ions.

The Group 1 metals, named because their hydroxides form alkaline solutions in water.

A solution with a pH above 7 and a relatively low concentration of hydrogen ions.

The extent to which an aqueous solution is alkaline, represented by its pH.

A hydrocarbon with only single bonds between its carbon atoms; open-chain alkanes have the general formula $C_nH_{2n+2}$.

A hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond.

A form of an element in which its atoms are arranged differently from those in another form of the same element.

A mixture of two or more elements in which at least one element is a metal.

A positively charged particle used to probe atoms in Rutherford’s gold-foil experiment.

An ionic compound with the formula Al₂O₃, containing aluminium ions and oxide ions.

The amount of a substance, measured in moles.

The substance in a sample that is being investigated.

A negatively charged ion, formed when an atom or group of atoms gains electrons.

The positive electrode in an electrolysis cell, towards which negative ions move.

A result that does not fit the pattern shown by the other results.