Eduqas GCSE Mathematics key terms

A number multiplying a vector. In $k\mathbf{a}$, the scalar $k$ changes the vector's magnitude and, if negative, reverses its direction.

A vector formed by multiplying another vector by a number, such as $3\mathbf{a}$.

The relationship between a length on a drawing and the corresponding real length. A ratio scale compares lengths in the same units.

A labelled line divided into sections that show the actual distances represented by lengths on a map.

A drawing in which lengths are proportional to the corresponding real lengths according to a stated scale.

The signed multiplier applied to movements from the centre of enlargement to each vertex. Its magnitude multiplies side lengths; a negative value places the image on the opposite side of the centre.

A triangle with three sides of different lengths and three angles of different sizes.

A graph that represents each pair of values of two numerical variables as a point.

A pattern of changes that repeats at regular intervals, such as a similar pattern each year.

The difference between consecutive first differences.

A region of a circle enclosed by two radii and an arc.

A region of a circle enclosed by a chord and an arc.

Half of a circle, bounded by a semicircular arc and a diameter.

An ordered list of numbers that follow a rule. Each number in the list is a term.

A collection of distinct items, called elements, usually written inside curly brackets.

A way of describing a collection of values using braces and a condition, such as $\{x:x>3\}$.

A two-dimensional view of a three-dimensional object, seen directly from a specified side.

Digits counted from the first non-zero digit, used to express a number to a chosen accuracy.

Having the same shape: corresponding angles are equal and corresponding lengths are all in the same ratio.

A shape with equal corresponding angles and corresponding side lengths in a constant ratio to another shape.

Shapes with equal corresponding angles and corresponding side lengths in the same ratio. They may be different sizes.

Interest calculated only on the original amount invested or borrowed.

A ratio written with whole-number terms that have no common factor greater than 1.

To rewrite an expression in a simpler equivalent form without changing its value.

Equations that must be satisfied by the same values of their unknowns.

For an acute angle in a right-angled triangle, the ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse: $\sin\theta=\frac{\text{opposite}}{\text{hypotenuse}}$.

A relationship between the sides and their opposite angles in any triangle: $\frac{a}{\sin A}=\frac{b}{\sin B}=\frac{c}{\sin C}$.