Eduqas GCSE History key terms

A force sent to help a place under attack, potentially forcing the attackers to fight or withdraw.

A movement seeking strict adherence to what its followers regard as the fundamental teachings of a religion. In revolutionary Iran, religious leaders sought government based on Islam and rejected Western influence.

Unwillingness to accept people with different religious beliefs, which can lead to discrimination, persecution or violence.

The religious arrangements introduced by Elizabeth I in 1559, establishing royal control of a Protestant Church of England while retaining some traditional forms of worship.

Allowing people to practise a different religion, sometimes under restrictions; it does not necessarily mean treating them equally.

Returning armed forces to an area where military activity had been forbidden.

The new German currency introduced in 1923 to help stabilise prices and restore confidence, backed by mortgages on industrial and agricultural property.

Compensation demanded from a defeated country for damage caused during a war.

Payments or transfers of goods and equipment imposed on a defeated country to compensate for war damage.

A Spanish system requiring indigenous people to work for the colonisers for specified periods, for little or no pay.

Sending people back to their country of origin; the National Front demanded this for non-white immigrants.

A law that extended parliamentary voting rights to men aged 21 and over and to women aged 30 and over who met additional qualifications. It gave women the parliamentary vote for the first time, but not on equal terms with men.

The use of state power to restrict freedom and suppress opposition, including through intimidation, surveillance and violence.

A system of government in which the head of state is not a hereditary monarch.

In the Boer conflict, support for preserving the independence and self-government of the Boer republics against British imperial control.

An area of land set aside for Native Americans, where many Native American communities lived under federal oversight.

Work considered essential enough for its workers to be exempted from military call-up.

A trained soldier who is not currently serving full-time but can be called back into military service.

Making good the harm caused by an offence, for example by compensating a victim or repairing damage.

An approach that brings people harmed by an offence and those responsible into communication to address and help repair the harm.

Punishing an offender because they deserve a penalty for the wrong they have committed; often expressed as making the punishment fit the crime.

A person who seeks to renew religious commitment and increase church attendance.

Spiral grooves inside a gun barrel which make the projectile spin, improving its stability and accuracy.

A style of popular music that developed in post-war America, with strong links to rhythm and blues and a strong appeal to young audiences.

An American musical style that became popular in Britain during the 1950s, associated with performers such as Elvis Presley and Bill Haley.

An overcrowded urban district notorious for criminal activity, where narrow streets and alleyways could help offenders hide.

A workshop where rope is manufactured for ships.