Eduqas GCSE Geography B key terms

An unusually severe weather event for its location and time of year that can cause major disruption or damage.

An approach to trade that aims to give producers fairer payment and better working conditions. Fairtrade is a specific certification system supporting these aims.

Extra money paid through Fairtrade sales which producers collectively decide how to invest, for example in farming improvements, schools or healthcare.

A simplified drawing of a landscape viewed from a particular observation point, with relevant features labelled and explained.

The value at the end of the period being compared.

Flooding in which water levels rise very rapidly, commonly following intense rainfall over a short period.

Relatively flat land beside a river that is covered by water when the river overflows its banks.

Allocating land to different uses according to its flood risk, keeping vulnerable development away from high-risk areas.

Movement of people, water, materials, goods or energy between locations.

A map using lines or arrows to show movement between places; their width may represent the amount moving.

An instrument used to measure the speed of flowing water.

A process involving flowing river water, such as erosion, transportation or deposition.

Reliable access to enough safe, nutritious food for a healthy life.

A network of linked food chains showing feeding relationships and energy transfers within an ecosystem.

The number of people visiting or passing through a shopping area.

Investment by a business in operations or assets in another country, such as building a factory.

A fuel formed from ancient organic matter, such as coal, oil or natural gas. Burning it releases carbon dioxide.

A four-digit coordinate identifying a grid square, using its left-hand easting followed by its bottom northing.

Trade with reduced or removed barriers, such as tariffs and quotas.

The number of observations with a particular value or within a particular class interval.

Frequency per unit of class width, calculated using $\text{frequency density}=\text{frequency}\div\text{class width}$.

Water with a low concentration of dissolved salts, found in stores such as rivers, lakes, groundwater and glaciers.

A boundary between air masses with different temperatures.

A wire cage filled with stones, used to absorb wave energy and protect the coast.

The process by which an urban area attracts wealthier residents and investment, often increasing property prices and making it harder for lower-income residents to remain.

An investigation that uses questions and evidence to explore places, spatial patterns, geographical processes or change.

The movement of water, people, vehicles or material between places, which can be investigated through its direction, quantity and rate.