Edexcel GCSE Geography B key terms

Information expressed in words or descriptions, such as people's explanations of their experiences and opinions.

People's overall wellbeing, including their health, housing, income, environment and access to services.

Information expressed as numerical measurements, counts or scores.

The geological period covering approximately the last 2.6 million years, characterised by repeated glacial and interglacial periods.

Knowledge-based economic activities involving research, information and innovation, such as scientific research and technological development.

A group containing one fifth, or 20%, of a set ranked by a characteristic such as income.

The breakdown of unstable atomic nuclei, releasing energy that contributes to Earth's internal heat.

The speed at which the percentage of a population living in urban areas changes over time.

A period of declining economic activity, usually accompanied by reduced spending and production.

An energy resource whose materials can be reused or regrown. In this Edexcel classification, nuclear fuel and biofuels are recyclable resources.

Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation: a UN strategy that uses financial incentives to encourage forest protection and reduce emissions from forest loss and damage.

The renewal of an area that has experienced decline, through investment, rebuilding or redevelopment.

Investment intended to improve a region’s economy and opportunities, particularly where it is disadvantaged compared with other regions.

Changing how an urban area is perceived, giving it a different image or reputation.

The shape and height of the land surface.

Money sent by people working abroad to people in their home country.

An energy resource supplied by a naturally replenished flow, such as sunlight, wind or flowing water.

The overall approach to an investigation, such as comparing two places or assessing the impact of a change.

Land used for homes.

The geographical arrangement of places where people live, including concentrations of different types of housing.

The remaining possibility of flooding and its consequences despite measures intended to reduce flood risk.

The ability of a community to cope with a hazard, recover and reduce its vulnerability to future events.

The ability of a rock to withstand being worn away by erosion.

Materials and supplies that people use to meet their needs, including food, energy and water.

Actions taken as a hazard approaches or after it occurs, including evacuation, rescue, emergency relief and rebuilding.

The movement of people back into cities from surrounding areas.

A logarithmic earthquake magnitude scale based on recorded ground-motion amplitude, with corrections for distance. A one-unit increase represents a tenfold increase in amplitude.