AQA GCSE Sociology key terms

Moving into another country to live or work there.

A physical, sensory or mental condition or difference that can affect how a person carries out activities.

Equal access to education for pupils regardless of their differences.

Money received over time, for example from employment, pensions, benefits or investments.

A fee-paying school outside the state-funded school sector, also called a private school. British public schools are independent schools.

A serious criminal offence tried in the Crown Court before a judge and jury.

A practice, policy or rule applied to everyone that disadvantages people with a particular characteristic; in law, such a rule may be permitted if it is objectively justified.

A conflict between employers and employees over matters such as pay, hours or working conditions.

Unpaid support provided by relatives, friends or neighbours to someone who needs help because of age, illness or disability.

Learning norms, values and behaviour through educational experiences rather than through planned subject teaching; this includes the hidden curriculum.

Influence that does not depend on holding an officially recognised position.

Control exercised through everyday social reactions, such as approval, ridicule or exclusion, usually enforcing unwritten expectations.

Voluntary agreement to participate after receiving enough information to understand the research and one's role in it.

Money, property or other assets received from a previous generation rather than earned by the recipient.

A lack of fairness that may involve a violation of someone’s rights.

Merton’s response in which an individual accepts conventional success goals but uses unconventional or illegitimate means to achieve them.

Organisational policies, procedures or established practices that systematically disadvantage people on racial grounds, whether or not individuals openly express racist beliefs.

Cooperation with other workers, for example through a trade union, primarily to improve personal pay and working conditions rather than to pursue wider class interests.

The breadwinning and disciplinary role that Parsons associated with men in the family.

Responsibilities shared between partners, alongside more shared interests and leisure activities; also called joint conjugal roles.

A numerical score intended to measure a person’s intelligence and reasoning ability.

A numerical score intended to measure a person's intelligence and reasoning ability, relevant to discussions of selection by measured ability.

A sociological perspective that examines how interactions between individuals and small groups create meanings and shape identities and behaviour.

A group organised around a shared interest, which may seek to influence policy or public opinion.

Between generations, for example a relationship between grandparents and grandchildren.

Movement in social position identified by comparing a person's position with that of their parents.

The occupational class comprising clerical or sales workers, the self-employed, lower-grade technicians and foremen in Halsey, Heath and Ridge's study.