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GCSE Sociology · key term
A physical, sensory or mental condition or difference that can affect how a person carries out activities.
Used by AQA and Eduqas
Paper 2
Revise: Factors Affecting Life ChancesAn impairment is a physical, sensory or mental condition or difference that can affect activities. The medical model of disability locates disability primarily in a person’s impairment or condition. The social model of disability, developed by disabled people, instead draws attention to barriers in the world around them.
Component 2
A physical, sensory or mental difference or condition that can affect how a person functions. The social model distinguishes an impairment from the barriers that disable someone.
When explaining disability, distinguish an impairment from barriers created by inaccessible environments or discriminatory attitudes.
Compare the models using the same situation: identify whether the explanation locates the problem in the individual’s impairment or in barriers created by society.
Evaluate both models rather than simply describing them. Recognising the effects of an impairment and removing social barriers are not mutually exclusive.
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Are they mainly consequences of a person’s impairment, or of the way society is organised? The medical model and social model of disability offer different explanations. A model is a way of understanding an issue, not a description that necessarily fits everyone’s experience.
