Mathematics key terms

A measure formed by combining two or more other measures, usually by division; examples include speed, density and pressure.

A unit formed by combining two or more standard units, usually to describe one quantity per unit of another.

The amount of a particular ingredient in a given amount of mixture.

The probability that an event occurs when it is already known that another event has occurred.

Notation meaning “the probability of event A given event B”.

A solid with a circular base and a curved surface that narrows to one apex.

The relationship between figures that have the same shape and size, so their corresponding sides and angles are equal.

A set of matching measurements sufficient to establish that two triangles are congruent.

The symbol $\equiv$, used to state that two figures are congruent.

Shapes that are exactly the same shape and size; corresponding lengths and angles are equal.

Figures that have exactly the same shape and size, although their position or orientation may differ.

Shapes that have exactly the same shape and size, although their positions or orientations may differ.

Triangles with exactly the same size and shape, so that every pair of corresponding sides and angles is equal.

A proposed result suggested by a pattern or diagram but not yet proved.

One of a pair of two-term expressions differing only in the sign between their terms, such as $3+\sqrt2$ and .

A pair of expressions such as $a+\sqrt b$ and $$, whose product is a difference of two squares.

The extent to which data values are close together. A smaller measure of spread indicates greater consistency.

A fixed value that contains no variables.

Acceleration that does not change during the motion being modelled.

The fixed multiplier $k$ in a relationship of the form $y=kx$.

A term containing no variable, such as $8$ or $-3$.

A condition that limits which mathematical answers are possible in the original situation.

A drawing made accurately using specified geometrical instruments, with the working arcs left visible.

Numerical data that can take any value within an interval, such as height or time.

A quantity that can take any value within a range, such as length, time or mass.

A symbol added to a diagram to record a property, such as matching dashes for equal lengths or a small square for a right angle.

The behaviour of successive values getting closer to a limiting value.

A number used to multiply or divide when changing from one unit to another.

A graph used to read equivalent values in two currencies, units or temperature scales.

An ordered pair $(x,y)$ giving a point's horizontal and vertical positions.