Mathematics key terms

A straight one-dimensional object that continues without end in both directions.

An equation in which the unknown has highest power 1.

A rule such as $y=mx+c$ whose graph is a straight line.

A straight-line graph, such as the graph of $y=mx+c$.

An inequality in which each variable has highest power 1 and variables are not multiplied together.

The multiplier that changes every length in one similar figure into the corresponding length in another.

A sequence whose nth term can be written in the form $an+b$, where $a$ and $b$ are constants.

An estimated straight line that represents the overall trend of points on a scatter graph.

The vertical line through the turning point of a parabola; points the same horizontal distance from it have equal $y$-values.

The finite part of a line between two endpoints.

The set of all points that satisfy a stated rule about position or distance.

The amount by which a cost price exceeds its selling price.

The boundary at the bottom of the range of possible original values.

A value found using limits of accuracy so that no possible result lies below it.

A value that divides ordered data so that approximately one quarter of the observations lie at or below it.

The value approximately one-quarter of the way through an ordered distribution, with about 25% of the data below it.

The smallest positive whole number that is a multiple of each of the given numbers.

The size or length of a vector, without reference to its direction.

The longer of the two arcs joining two points on a circle; its central angle is greater than $180^\circ$.

The larger sector formed by two radii, with a reflex central angle greater than $180^\circ$.

The notation $f:x\mapsto 2x+5$ states that function $f$ maps an input $$ to the output .

The quantity of matter in an object, measured in units such as milligrams, grams, kilograms or tonnes.

A mathematical representation of a situation or process.

The total of all the values divided by the number of values.

The point $(\bar{x},\bar{y})$, whose coordinates are the means of the horizontal and vertical values.

A single value used to represent the centre or typical value of a data set, such as the mean, median or mode.

A measure describing how widely data values vary, such as the range or interquartile range.

The middle value of ordered data, dividing it into a lower half and an upper half.

A system of measurement based mainly on powers of ten, including millimetres, centimetres, metres, grams, kilograms, millilitres and litres.

A measurement system in which related units are linked by powers of ten, such as millimetres, centimetres and metres.