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GCSE Geography · key term
Differences between people or places in income, opportunities and access to resources and services.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Paper 2
Unequal access to resources and opportunities, or differences in outcomes, between people or places.
Revise: Social, Economic and Environmental Urban ChangeInequality describes differences between people or places in access to opportunities and in their outcomes.
Specification 4.7, 5.6 · Paper 2
Keep housing, education, health and employment inequalities distinct, but explain links between them where relevant.
Distinguish economic inequality from gender inequality: opportunities for women can improve while the gap between rich and poor widens.
For inequality, compare neighbourhoods within Birmingham rather than treating the whole city as equally deprived.
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Rapid growth can increase inequality when some people gain well-paid employment and valuable property while others remain on low incomes. Malabar Hill and Dharavi show the sharp differences that can exist within the same growing city.
Unequal distribution of income, wealth or access to opportunities between people or groups.
Paper 1, Paper 2
Differences between people or groups in their resources, opportunities and living conditions.
Revise: Inequality and Quality of Life in MegacitiesTo understand inequality, look at both people’s resources and the conditions of the neighbourhoods where they live.
Differences between people or places in resources, opportunities and outcomes, such as income, education or health.
Specification 5.2a · Paper 2, Paper 3
Differences between people or places in income, living conditions and access to opportunities and services.
Revise: Contemporary Challenges in AC CitiesPoor housing can worsen health, while transport barriers can restrict access to employment and services. These connections help explain why urban inequality can persist rather than being solved by investment in just one part of city life.