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GCSE Biology · key term
Thyroid-stimulating hormone: a hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroxine.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification 4.5.3.7 · Paper 2
Revise: Negative FeedbackThe pituitary gland releases thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which stimulates the thyroid gland to release thyroxine. If thyroxine levels fall, the pituitary releases more TSH; the thyroid is stimulated to release more thyroxine. As thyroxine rises, it reduces TSH release, so the thyroid receives less stimulation.
Specification 7.3 · Paper 2
Thyroid-stimulating hormone, which is released by the pituitary gland and stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine.
For thyroxine negative feedback, explain both directions: low thyroxine increases TSH release, while high thyroxine reduces it.
For a sequence question, name each structure as well as each hormone: hypothalamus → TRH → pituitary gland → TSH → thyroid gland → thyroxine.
Do not say that TSH is produced by the thyroid gland. TSH is released by the pituitary gland and acts on the thyroid gland.
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TRH stimulates the pituitary gland to release thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) into the blood.
Specification B3.2b · Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone, released by the pituitary gland to stimulate the thyroid gland to release thyroxine.
Revise: Thyroxine and adrenalineThe pituitary gland releases thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). TSH travels in the blood to the thyroid gland and stimulates it to release thyroxine.
Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher), Paper 4 (Higher)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone, released by the pituitary gland to stimulate the thyroid gland to secrete thyroxine.
Revise: Thyroxine and AdrenalineLess TRH means that the pituitary releases less TSH, so the thyroid is stimulated less and secretes less thyroxine. Its concentration then falls towards the normal level.