AQA GCSE Biology · 8461
Specification 4.5.3.3 · Paper 2
Revise: Kidney Function and Water ControlSmall molecules leave the blood and form the filtrate.
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GCSE Biology · key term
The fluid formed when small molecules are filtered out of the blood; useful substances can still be reabsorbed from it.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification 4.5.3.3 · Paper 2
Revise: Kidney Function and Water ControlSmall molecules leave the blood and form the filtrate.
Specification 7.19B · Paper 2
The liquid that has passed from the blood into Bowman’s capsule, before the nephron reabsorbs useful substances and water.
Do not describe filtration as removing only wastes. Small useful substances, including glucose, water and ions, enter the filtrate too; selective reabsorption then returns what the body needs.
When interpreting kidney data, distinguish amount from concentration and identify whether the data refer to blood, newly formed filtrate or final urine.
Trace the two routes separately: filtrate enters Bowman’s capsule, while blood cells and large proteins remain in the capillaries.
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The liquid collected in Bowman’s capsule is called filtrate. It is not yet urine: it contains useful glucose and water as well as waste urea.
The fluid formed when small substances pass from the blood into Bowman’s capsule during filtration.
Specification B3.3i · Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher)
The fluid formed from filtered blood that passes along a nephron and is modified as substances are reabsorbed.
Revise: Effect of ADHBlood is filtered in the kidneys, producing filtrate that travels through kidney tubules. Some of its water is then reabsorbed: it moves out of the tubules and returns to the bloodstream. Water that remains in the tubules becomes part of the urine.
Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Higher), Paper 4 (Higher)
The liquid in a kidney tubule from which useful substances and much of the water can be reabsorbed.
Revise: ADH EffectThe kidneys continually filter water and small dissolved substances from the blood into kidney tubules. This produces filtrate. The body must then control how much of the filtered water is returned, or reabsorbed, into the blood and how much remains to leave the body in urine.