Key terms & definitions

A solution containing the maximum amount of dissolved solute at a particular temperature.

The condition in which the spaces within soil are filled with water.

The Roman god associated with sowing and seed, believed to have ruled during the Golden Age.

A Roman festival in honour of Saturn, beginning on 17 December and involving sacrifice, feasting, gifts and temporary relaxation of social hierarchies.

‘Insistence on truth’: Gandhi’s approach to resisting injustice through non-violent action rather than harming opponents.

A humorous mythological drama with a chorus of satyrs, the animal-featured companions of Dionysus, normally performed after a playwright’s three tragedies.

Cooking food quickly in a small amount of fat in a hot pan.

Tropical grassland dominated by grasses with scattered trees and a distinct dry season.

Fasting, particularly the obligatory fast during Ramadan.

Timber supplied with the relatively rough surface left by sawing.

Making seven journeys between Safa and Marwah, remembering Hajira’s search for water for Isma’il.

A descendant of Hashim, the Prophet Muhammad's great-grandfather. The share of Khums reserved for sayyids supports eligible members of this family.

The dried protective covering that develops over a clot at the skin's surface.

The architectural façade of a Roman theatre’s stage building, forming a permanent backdrop and providing doorways for performers.

A quantity with a size, or magnitude, but no direction.

A quantity with magnitude only, and no direction.

An ordinary number used to multiply a vector, changing its magnitude and possibly reversing its direction.

A matrix obtained by multiplying every entry of a matrix by the same number. For example, $kI=\begin{pmatrix}k&0\\0&k\end{pmatrix}$.

A quantity with magnitude but no direction.

A quantity that has magnitude (size) but no direction.

A hostile nickname for white Southerners who supported the Republican Party and Reconstruction.

The relationship between a distance on a map or image and the corresponding distance on the ground.

The relationship between a represented or measured distance and the corresponding actual distance.

The relationship between a length in a representation and the corresponding length of the object represented.

The numerical value represented by each division along a graph axis.

A statement comparing a length on a drawing or map with the corresponding real length.

The numerical intervals used along a graph axis to represent values.

The ratio of a length on a drawing or model to the corresponding actual length, using the same units.

A marked line showing the ground distances represented by lengths on a map.

A labelled line on an image whose length represents a stated real distance in the specimen.