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Browse key terms and definitions across all GCSE subjects. Search by keyword or filter by subject and exam board.
23,110 key terms
Performance
A music video form that shows an artist singing, rapping, dancing or playing instruments.
Performance analysis
The collection and examination of information about a sporting performance to identify strengths, weaknesses and areas for improvement.
Performance criterion
A feature or measure used to judge how well a product fulfils its intended purpose.
Performance-enhancing drug
A substance used to improve sporting performance.
Performance-enhancing drug (PED)
A drug taken to improve sporting performance. Using a prohibited PED in competition is cheating.
Performance goal
A target for improving a performer’s own performance, without comparison with other performers.
Performance poetry
Poetry composed with spoken delivery to an audience as an important part of its effect.
Performance requirement
A requirement stating how well a product must work under particular conditions, such as its strength, durability or reliability.
Performance review
A discussion between an employee and their manager to assess progress, provide feedback and identify development needs; also called an appraisal.
Performance video
A music video centred on an artist or band performing the song, rather than primarily telling a separate story.
Peribolos
An enclosure containing family graves and funerary monuments in ancient Greece. The plural is periboloi.
Pericles’ citizenship law
A law proposed by Pericles in 451/0 BC requiring both parents to be Athenian citizens for their child to qualify for citizenship.
Perimeter
The total distance around the outside boundary of a two-dimensional shape.
Period
A horizontal row of the periodic table; for the first 20 elements, its number equals the number of occupied electron shells.
Period
The time taken for one complete cycle of a repeating waveform.
Period
A horizontal row of the periodic table. Its number gives the number of occupied electron shells in an atom.
Period
The horizontal length of one complete repeating cycle of a graph.
Periodic function
A function whose values repeat after a fixed interval of the input.
Periodicity
A repeating pattern in the physical or chemical properties of elements when they are arranged by atomic number.
Periodicity
A repeating pattern. In the periodic table, similar chemical properties recur as atomic number increases.
Periodic pattern
A pattern that repeats at regular intervals, such as the same ordering of roles within successive teams on a list.
Periodic table
A systematic arrangement of elements that places elements with recurring, similar properties into groups.
Periodic table
A table displaying the chemical elements in an organised arrangement.
Perioeci
Free inhabitants of communities under Spartan control who lacked Spartan citizenship and political rights but contributed labour and military service.
Peripeteia
A reversal in a tragic character's situation or fortunes, particularly when apparent success turns towards disaster.
Peripheral
A hardware device connected to a computer to provide functions such as input or output, for example a keyboard or printer.
Peripheral management
The control of peripheral devices, such as keyboards, monitors and printers, by the operating system.
Peripheral nervous system
The nerves outside the brain and spinal cord that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body.
Peripheral nervous system
The nerves outside the brain and spinal cord that carry information between the central nervous system and the rest of the body.
Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
The nerves outside the brain and spinal cord that connect the CNS to receptors, muscles, glands and organs.
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