Key terms & definitions

The number of new cases of a disease occurring in a population during a stated period.

The occurrence of new cases of a disease in a population over a specified period.

The number of new cases of a condition occurring in a population during a specified period.

The number of new cases of a disease relative to the population size during a stated period, often expressed per 100,000 people per year.

Radiation that reaches and falls on a surface.

The ray travelling towards a surface or boundary.

The disposal of waste by burning it at a high temperature.

Burning waste under controlled conditions.

An event that sets the main narrative conflict or action in motion.

An angle formed by two given sides; it lies between those sides.

The angle between two specified sides, or the side between two specified angles.

A point represented by a filled circle because its value is part of the solution set.

Welcoming people and allowing them to share in a community’s care and benefits rather than excluding them because of their background.

Equal access to education for pupils regardless of their differences.

Enabling people experiencing poverty to participate fully in society, with their needs, voices, cultures and contributions respected.

Designing products so that as wide a range of people as possible can use them, rather than unnecessarily excluding people because of their abilities, age or beliefs.

An inequality using $\leqslant$ or $\geqslant$, in which the boundary value is included.

The use of words such as ‘we’, ‘our’ and ‘comrades’ to make listeners feel part of a shared group.

Belief in one supreme God while recognising other, subordinate deities.

Providing opportunities that welcome people with different backgrounds, abilities and needs and enable them to take part.

A word such as ‘we’, ‘us’ or ‘our’ that brings the speaker and audience together as a group.

A range that includes both its lower and upper limits.

The view that other religions have some validity, but that their truths are contained within one’s own religion.

The annual flow of money a person receives, as distinct from their total wealth or inherited capital.

Money a person receives, for example from employment, which influences how much they can afford to spend.

Money received over a period, for example through wages, benefits or investments.

The money a person or household receives, which influences how much they can afford to spend on food.

Money received over time, for example from employment, pensions, benefits or investments.

The way total income is shared between people or households.

A financial statement showing a business’s revenue, costs and profit or loss over a period of time.