Key terms & definitions

The largest whole number that divides exactly into every number in a set.

The greatest factor shared by every term in an expression.

The greatest whole number that divides exactly into each of two or more numbers.

A bomb whose explosive blast destroys buildings and can scatter dangerous fragments.

A lightweight thermoforming polymer that is relatively tough, easily formed and commonly used for food packaging and models.

A country with a high average income per person.

A country with relatively high average income, generally associated with a high material standard of living.

A form of interval training using very high-intensity work periods separated by rest or low-intensity recovery.

Bright, relatively even lighting with limited strong shadow, often used to make a setting appear open or welcoming.

The removal of tenants from land in the Scottish Highlands, particularly during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, as landowners reorganised their estates.

A programming language that expresses operations using statements rather than processor-specific machine instructions.

A programming language, such as Python, that expresses instructions using human-readable constructs rather than machine-code instructions.

Workers with specialist knowledge and developed technical, analytical or problem-solving abilities.

An item bought less frequently, such as furniture or electrical equipment, for which customers are often willing to travel further and compare alternatives.

A skill whose parts are closely linked and difficult to separate without disrupting the movement.

An area where atmospheric pressure is higher than in surrounding areas, usually associated with descending air and relatively settled weather.

The leading Jewish priest, who questions Jesus and declares that his answer is blasphemy in Mark’s trial account.

Public support for a message or campaign by a well-known person, such as a leading sports performer.

A food that provides favourable conditions for harmful microorganisms to grow and can cause food poisoning if handled incorrectly; many are moist and ready to eat without further cooking.

A town or city’s main shopping street or central shopping area.

Steel developed to provide high resistance to failure under pulling forces, often through alloying and controlled heat treatment.

An offence involving an attempt to overthrow or betray the state.

Food that commands a relatively high selling price, such as certain meats or specialist fruit and vegetables.

Stealing from travellers on roads by using violence or threats.

High Intensity Interval Training: short, high-intensity work periods alternating with short recovery periods.

Taking control of an aircraft or other vehicle by force.

Muhammad’s migration from Makkah to Madinah, where he became the leader of a Muslim community.

Violence or harm towards living beings.

A heavily fortified German defensive system on the Western Front, established in 1917.

Judging an earlier decision with knowledge of its later outcome, which the people making that decision did not possess.