Key terms & definitions

A written message addressed to a particular recipient, using respectful language and conventions appropriate to a serious or professional purpose.

Power attached to an officially recognised position within an organisation or institution.

Prayer using set, traditional words, which may be said privately or with others.

Control exercised through explicit rules and official procedures by people or institutions with authority to enforce them.

Learning through an organised, structured programme with specific objectives, delivered within the business or by an outside provider.

Worship that follows an established order of readings, prayers and actions; also called liturgical worship.

A written arithmetic procedure in which digits are arranged according to place value.

A check that input follows a required pattern or structure.

The lifelong process of educating moral judgement through reason, Scripture, prayer, Church teaching and the help of others.

A shaped support used to hold or guide material into the required form.

An equation that represents a relationship between two or more quantities.

A rule written with symbols that connects two or more quantities.

A reusable phrase or passage associated with a recurring situation or idea in epic poetry.

A prayer with established words, which can be repeated privately or said together during worship.

A mixture designed as a useful product, with components combined in carefully measured quantities to give the product its required properties.

A mixture that has been designed as a useful product.

The representative group of ions shown by the formula of an ionic substance, such as NaCl.

The simplest whole-number ratio of ions represented by the formula of an ionic compound. For example, NaCl represents one sodium ion for every chloride ion.

A defended military base where soldiers were stationed, often to protect a strategically important area.

A structure or defensive work built to make a place harder to attack, such as a wall, bank or ditch.

The addition of vitamins or minerals to food to increase its nutritional value.

A defended site used as a base for activities such as military operations, trade and administration.

A food with a nutrient added to it, such as calcium added to a plant-based milk alternative.

Courage and perseverance in pursuing what is good despite difficulties.

A fortified royal residence combining military defences with accommodation and the display of royal status.

Chance or luck, often imagined as a power that changes people's circumstances unpredictably.

A person who seeks marriage chiefly to gain another person’s money or property.

Rome’s central public area, used for commerce and civic activities.

A space or platform where people can communicate, discuss and exchange ideas and opinions.

The connection of a diode that allows current to flow readily in its conducting direction.