Key terms & definitions

The collection of territories ruled by Henry II and his successors, including England and extensive lands in France. Its name comes from Anjou, a French region associated with Henry’s family.

The territories ruled by Henry II and his successors, including England, Normandy and extensive lands elsewhere in France.

A procedure that widens a narrowed artery, usually using a balloon and often a stent.

A measure of the turn between two lines meeting at a point.

The angle that measures how far one direction turns from another, measured in degrees (°).

The amount of turn between two lines meeting at a point, measured here in degrees.

The angle formed by the line segments $BA$ and $BC$, with its vertex at the middle letter $B$.

An angle formed at the centre of a circle by two radii.

An angle with its vertex on a circle and its sides meeting the circle at two other points.

The acute angle between a line and its perpendicular projection onto a plane.

A line or ray that divides an angle into two equal angles; points on it are equally far from the angle’s sides.

The angle between a ray approaching a boundary and the normal.

The angle between the incoming ray and the normal.

The angle between a reflected ray and the normal.

The angle between the reflected ray and the normal.

The angle between a ray travelling into a new material and the normal.

The angle between the transmitted, refracted ray and the normal.

A known angle and the side directly opposite it in a triangle.

Two angles next to each other whose outer arms form a straight line; together they measure 180°.

An angle formed by lines from a point on the circumference to the two endpoints of an arc or chord.

An angle formed by joining a point to both endpoints of an arc.

Relating to the Church of England, the established church represented by Raveloe’s parish church.

A tradition within Anglican Christianity that emphasises continuity with the Catholic teaching and worship of the historic Church, including sacraments and the beauty of worship.

An identity combining English and Norman customs and language, which developed after the Norman Conquest through settlement and interaction.

The peoples of early medieval England whose kingdoms, including Wessex, faced Viking attacks and settlement.

The kingdoms of England, Denmark and Norway brought under Cnut’s rule. ‘Anglo’ refers to England and ‘Scandinavian’ to the northern European kingdoms. It is also called the North Sea Empire.

The murderer in a Buddhist story who abandoned violence after meeting the Buddha, became a monk and eventually attained Enlightenment.

Loss of interest or pleasure in activities that a person would usually enjoy.

Describes a substance from which its water of crystallisation has been removed.

Describes a substance containing no water as part of its crystal structure.