OCR GCSE Psychology · J203
Paper 1, Paper 2
Revise: ObservationsChildren who know they are being watched might share more carefully than usual. This is the observer effect, and it can reduce the validity of the record as a measure of their usual behaviour. If clues also lead participants to guess what the researcher expects, these are demand characteristics.
- Revise: Reliability and Validity
A change in participants’ behaviour because they know that an observer is present.