GradeGen

A transformation that moves every point by the same distance in the same direction, without turning, reflecting or resizing the shape.

A movement in which every point is shifted by the same horizontal and vertical amounts, without changing the graph's shape or orientation.

For AQA, sketching translations and reflections of a given function is Higher-tier content. A sketch must show the correct overall shape and position, but it need not have the precision of a graph plotted point by point unless the question asks for that.

A movement that shifts every point by the same distance in the same direction, without turning or reflecting the shape.

For a horizontal translation, use the sign opposite to the one shown inside the function: $f(x+3)$ moves left 3, while $f(x-3)$ moves right 3.

A transformation that moves every point of a graph by the same horizontal and vertical amounts without changing its shape or orientation.

Pearson Edexcel limits this requirement to translations and reflections; stretches are not included. These transformations can be applied to familiar linear, quadratic, cubic and trigonometric graphs. In every case, preserve the graph's characteristic shape while transforming the whole graph, not just its intercepts.

A slide that moves every point of a shape by the same distance in the same direction.

A movement that shifts every point of a shape the same distance in the same direction, without turning or resizing it.

A transformation that moves every point on a graph the same distance in the same direction.

A translation slides a graph: every point moves by the same amount, so its shape and orientation stay the same.

A transformation that moves every point through the same horizontal and vertical displacement.

For a vertical translation, use the sign as written outside the function: $f(x)+4$ moves up 4 and $f(x)-4$ moves down 4.

Describe a resulting translation with a column vector; describe a rotation with its angle, direction and centre, or a reflection with its mirror line.

Translation

Definition

How each exam board covers it

AQA GCSE Mathematics · 8300

Exam tips

Revise Mathematics with GradeGen

Edexcel GCSE Mathematics · 1MA1

OCR GCSE Mathematics · J560