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GCSE Mathematics · key term
A transformation that multiplies every distance from a fixed centre by the same scale factor.
Used by Edexcel and OCR
Specification G7 · Paper 1, Paper 2, Paper 3
A transformation that multiplies every displacement from a fixed centre by one scale factor.
Revise: TransformationsIf the lines from a centre to corresponding vertices are multiplied by one factor, look for an enlargement. Compare corresponding side lengths to distinguish a change in size from a congruent movement. State the defining information—not only the name—so someone else could construct the same image.
Specification 8.01g, 9.04b · Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Foundation), Paper 4 (Higher), Paper 5 (Higher), Paper 6 (Higher)
Revise: Coordinate GeometryAn enlargement preserves angles and overall shape but changes lengths according to its scale factor.
A transformation that maps each point of a shape to a point on the line through it and a fixed centre. Its distance from the centre is multiplied by the magnitude of the scale factor; a negative factor places it on the opposite side.
Describe a transformation fully: give the translation vector, the mirror line, the centre, angle and direction of rotation, or the centre and scale factor of enlargement, as appropriate.
For a negative enlargement, measure each new displacement from the centre. The image lies on the opposite side; a side length itself is never negative.
A complete reflection description names the mirror line. A complete rotation description gives the angle, direction and centre. A complete enlargement description gives the scale factor and, when required, the centre.
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