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GCSE History · key term
Supervision of an offender in the community, involving conditions and support from a probation officer.
Used by Edexcel and OCR
Paper 1
Revise: Modern Prison Reforms and Alternatives to CustodyPrison commissioner Alexander Paterson was an influential supporter of probation and rehabilitation between the world wars. Reformers wanted imprisonment to prepare people for release, rather than simply make their time in custody unpleasant. This did not mean abandoning punishment: prisoners still lost their freedom, and protecting the public remained important.
Paper 1
Supervision of an offender in the community, involving conditions and support intended to prevent further offending.
Revise: Changes in punishmentThe Probation of Offenders Act, 1907, established a system in which offenders could be supervised in the community rather than imprisoned. Probation combined conditions with support intended to prevent reoffending.
Support explanations of reform with precise examples: probation in 1907, New Hall open prison in 1933, or community service orders in 1972.
Open prisons and young offender institutions still involve custody. Probation and community service can be alternatives to custody; parole follows time already spent in prison.
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