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GCSE History · key term
The purge of 30 June–2 July 1934 in which the Nazis murdered SA leaders and other political rivals, strengthening Hitler’s position and his alliance with the army.
Used by OCR
Paper 1
Revise: The Nazi Consolidation of Power (1933–1934)During the Night of the Long Knives, 30 June–2 July 1934, Hitler ordered a purge of the SA leadership. The SS, led by Himmler, carried out the killings. SA leaders were arrested on 30 June, and Röhm was shot in prison on Hitler’s orders on 1 July.
Paper 3
The murder of SA leaders and other political enemies on Hitler’s orders between 30 June and 2 July 1934, also known as the Röhm Purge.
Revise: Achieving total powerBetween 30 June and 2 July 1934, Hitler ordered a purge of the SA leadership. This became known as the Night of the Long Knives. Leading SA figures were arrested after being assembled at Bad Wiessee in Bavaria.
The Night of the Long Knives destroyed the SA leadership’s political influence, not the SA itself. Link the purge to army support, then explain the merger of offices and the personal oath to Hitler.
The Night of the Long Knives took place from 30 June to 2 July 1934, despite its name.
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