Combined Science key terms

A technique that separates dissolved substances because they move at different rates as a solvent travels through a material such as paper.

The main DNA molecule carrying a cell's genetic information; in bacteria it is circular and lies in the cytoplasm.

A structure made of a long DNA molecule that carries many genes.

Tiny hair-like structures on the surfaces of some cells that beat to move substances, such as mucus.

An automatic safety switch that opens the circuit when the current becomes too large and can be reset after the fault is corrected.

A representation of an electrical circuit using standard component symbols and lines for connecting wires.

The organisation of living organisms into groups using shared characteristics.

A long-term change in weather patterns and conditions, such as temperature and rainfall.

A simplified representation of the Earth's climate system, used to investigate how it works and predict how it may change.

A study in which a potential medicine is tested on human volunteers or patients to investigate safety, efficacy or dose.

Fertility treatment using a drug that increases the release of FSH and LH, encouraging egg maturation and ovulation.

An organism that is genetically identical to its parent and to other offspring produced by the same asexual process.

An unbroken conducting path around which electrical charge can flow.

A system in which substances cannot enter or leave.

A sedimentary rock made mostly of carbon, formed from buried remains of ancient plants.

A number placed before a chemical formula in an equation that multiplies the whole formula.

The number of collisions occurring each second.

An explanation of reaction rates based on how frequently reacting particles collide and whether their collisions have sufficient energy to cause a reaction.

A chemical reaction in which a substance burns by reacting with oxygen, releasing energy to the surroundings.

An ancestral organism or population from which two or more groups evolved.

An illness caused by a pathogen that can spread between organisms.

The populations of different species living and interacting in the same area.

A living cell alongside a phloem sieve tube that supports its transport function, including supplying energy for sucrose transport.

The struggle between organisms for resources that are in limited supply.

The specific pairing of DNA bases: adenine with thymine, and cytosine with guanine.

Burning with a sufficient oxygen supply; the carbon and hydrogen in a hydrocarbon form carbon dioxide and water.

An individual substance included in a mixture. In a formulation, each component has a particular purpose.