Key terms & definitions

An agreed standard used to express a measurement, such as the metre for length.

A council that combines county-level and district-level responsibilities in one organisation.

A method of proportional reasoning that first finds the value corresponding to one unit and then scales it to the required number of units.

A method that finds the amount corresponding to one unit before scaling to the required number of units.

A method of converting units by multiplying by conversion factors equal to 1, so that unwanted units cancel.

A circle with centre $(0,0)$ and radius $1$.

Changing a measurement into an equivalent value expressed in a different unit, without changing the quantity being measured.

Changing a measurement from one unit to an equivalent value in another unit.

Expressing the same quantity in a different unit, changing its numerical value but not the quantity itself.

Expressing the same physical quantity in a different unit without changing its actual size.

The average cost of producing one unit of output, calculated as total production costs divided by the number of units produced.

The cost of producing one item.

The political union of Egypt and Syria established in 1958 under Nasser’s leadership. Syria withdrew in 1961.

An umbrella movement launched in 1983 that brought together hundreds of organisations opposing apartheid.

The state whose full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, comprising England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

An international agreement setting out children's rights, including protection, education, health and participation in decisions affecting them.

The international organisation whose forces intervened in the Korean War to support South Korea. General Douglas MacArthur commanded the UN campaign.

The alliance of Trotsky, Zinoviev and Kamenev that opposed Stalin and supported rapid industrialisation.

One of the equal parts made when a whole is divided by the denominator.

The Catholic understanding that sex should express love and strengthen the bond between husband and wife.

The purpose of sexual intercourse that expresses love and strengthens the bond between spouses.

A group that buys and uses goods and services. Zaretsky argues that families support capitalism through this spending.

A household whose members work together to produce goods or food, for example through farming or a family craft business.

A symbol placed before a unit symbol to show a power-of-ten multiple or sub-multiple of that unit.

The cost of one unit of a product, such as £ per kilogram or pence per 100 ml.

A ratio in which one selected part has been made equal to 1, such as $1:n$.

A square with side length 1. The standard unit square used for matrix transformations has vertices $(0,0)$, $(1,0)$, $(1,1)$ and .

A standard letter or group of letters representing a unit, such as g for gram or J for joule.

The concentration of a play's action within one location or closely connected setting.

The concentration of a play's events within a short period, conventionally no more than a day.