Key terms & definitions

Using a renewable resource no faster than it can be replaced.

Using resources at a rate that allows them to be renewed, so they remain available in the future.

Managing water so that present needs are met without damaging the ability of future generations to meet their needs.

A connected argument that develops relevant points and supports them with evidence and explanations.

Judgement maintained and developed throughout an answer, rather than stated only at the beginning or end.

A connected argument developed throughout an answer, with each point helping to establish or qualify its overall judgement.

A Buddhist discourse containing teachings attributed to the Buddha; the Sanskrit equivalent is sutra.

One's own particular duty, appropriate to one's situation and responsibilities.

The Saint Vincent de Paul Society: a Catholic organisation whose volunteers provide practical help and friendship to people in need.

An exchange of the positions of two values.

Chips, curls or small pieces of waste material produced during machining.

Dark or black; Douglas uses it to describe the flies moving over the dead soldier.

The movement of water up a beach after a wave breaks.

The Sikh Welfare Awareness Team, a charity founded in West London in 2008 whose projects include youth education and support for disadvantaged communities.

A transverse seismic wave that travels through solids but cannot travel through liquids.

Work involving very low pay, long hours and poor conditions, often carried out in small workshops.

A system of production involving long hours, poor pay and harsh working conditions, often in small workshops.

A workplace where workers produce goods for low wages in poor conditions, often working long hours.

A workplace where people work long hours for very low pay, often in poor conditions.

A name associated with the fashion, music and cultural changes of the 1960s, especially in London; it does not mean that everyone enjoyed prosperity.

A component that opens or closes a conducting path in a circuit.

A device that opens or closes a conducting path in a circuit.

A network device that forwards received data to its intended recipient.

A component that opens or closes electrical contacts to interrupt or complete a circuit path.

A written sign representing a syllable, such as ‘ti’ or ‘po’, rather than a single alphabetic letter.

An image, object or action that represents a wider idea beyond its literal meaning.

A design or image that represents a belief or idea beyond its literal appearance.

A letter or group of letters representing a quantity or unit. Its meaning must be clear from the context.

Something understood as representing an idea, object or relationship through its associated meaning.

An object, image or sound that carries a meaning beyond its literal role.