Key terms & definitions

The ability of a business idea to generate sufficient income and have enough money available to continue operating.

French for ‘end of the century’; in late nineteenth-century cultural discussion, it was associated with anxiety about exhaustion, decline and the future of civilisation.

The observations, measurements and patterns obtained from an investigation.

Information or observations established through an enquiry or examination of evidence.

The recorded place where an archaeological object was found; this is not necessarily the place where it was made or first used.

A punishment requiring an offender to pay money.

The ability to make small, precise movements accurately.

The ability to make small, precise movements, such as those needed to aim accurately.

Particles with diameters from 100 nm to 2500 nm; the upper limit is 2.5 micrometres.

A skill involving small, precise movements using small muscle groups, with high levels of accuracy and coordination.

The argument that the universe’s life-permitting conditions provide evidence of deliberate design.

The final surface coating or condition of a product, chosen for its appearance, protection or both.

The weight of a completed dish after preparation and cooking, used to calculate portion weight and nutritional content per 100 g.

An operation applied to a paper or board product to improve its appearance, feel, protection or final function.

An energy resource with a limited stock that is not replaced on a human timescale, such as coal, oil or natural gas.

A fuel such as coal, oil or natural gas whose supply is limited and is not replenished on a human timescale.

A resource with a limited stock that is not replaced on a human timescale, such as coal.

A natural resource that is used much faster than it forms, so its supply can eventually run out.

A natural resource available in limited amounts that is used faster than it is replaced.

A resource, such as oil or a metal ore, that exists in a limited stock and cannot be replaced on a human timescale.

A material or energy source with a limited supply that is not replenished as quickly as it is consumed.

A sequence with a final term and therefore a limited number of terms.

Human understanding and interpretation of Shari’ah, developed through the study of Islamic sources.

A gap cleared of buildings or other combustible material to prevent a fire spreading.

Treatment that improves a textile’s resistance to ignition or burning; also called a flame-retardant treatment.

A textile whose fibres or chemical treatment help it resist ignition or slow burning.

A treatment or additive that reduces how readily a material ignites or how quickly burning spreads.

A treatment that reduces how readily a material burns or slows the spread of fire; it does not make timber completely fireproof.

A ship set alight and sent towards an enemy fleet to threaten its ships and disrupt its formation.

A vessel deliberately set alight and directed towards enemy ships to burn them or disrupt their formation.