Newton's laws and weight

• Recall that acceleration due to gravity in free fall is approximately $10 \text{ m/s}^2$ and estimate the magnitudes of typical everyday accelerations.
• Apply Newton’s first law to explain situations where the resultant force is zero (constant velocity or rest) and where it is non-zero (changing speed or direction).
• Apply Newton’s second law to calculate force, mass, or acceleration.

$F = m \times a$

• Define weight and calculate it using the product of mass and gravitational field strength.

$W = m \times g$

• Describe the methods and instruments used to measure weight.
• Explain the relationship between an object's weight and the prevailing gravitational field strength.
• Investigate the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration by systematically varying the masses added to trolleys in a practical setting.
• Explain that an object moving in a circular orbit at a constant speed experiences a continuously changing velocity.
• Understand that circular motion requires a resultant centripetal force acting towards the center of the circle.
• Explain the concept of inertial mass as a measure of an object's resistance to a change in velocity, defined as the ratio of force to acceleration.