- Apply Newton’s third law to equilibrium situations and collision interactions, relating it to the principle of conservation of momentum.
- Define momentum and calculate it using mass and velocity.
p=m×v
- Describe practical examples of momentum transfer during collisions.
- Apply Newton’s second law to relate force to the rate of change of momentum.
F=tmv−mu
- Explain methods for measuring human reaction times and recall typical reaction time values.
- Understand that a vehicle's stopping distance is the sum of the thinking distance and the braking distance.
- Evaluate the various factors that affect the stopping distance of a vehicle, including vehicle mass, speed, driver reaction time, brake condition, road state, and tire-road friction.
- Describe the internal and external factors that can influence a driver’s reaction time, such as the consumption of drugs and environmental distractions.
- Analyze the physical dangers associated with large decelerations and estimate the forces involved in typical traffic scenarios on public roads.
