AQA GCSE Geography key terms

The people and property located where a natural hazard could affect them.

Raising grazing animals over large areas of land, often where conditions are unsuitable for growing crops.

Estimating a value beyond the range of the available data, assuming that the trend continues.

Weather that is unusually severe or unusual for a particular place and time of year.

The relatively calm centre of a mature tropical cyclone, where air sinks and conditions are often dry and cloud-free.

The ring of towering thunderclouds surrounding a tropical cyclone's eye, containing its strongest winds and heaviest rainfall.

A trading system intended to give producers fairer terms, including minimum prices for many products and an additional premium for producer or community projects.

An extreme food shortage affecting a population, causing widespread severe hunger and potentially deaths from starvation.

An informal settlement in Brazil. Favelas vary in housing quality and access to services; many homes improve over time.

The middle circulation cell, approximately between 30° and 60° north or south, with surface air moving towards 60°.

The distance over open water across which wind blows to generate waves.

Investigating geography through first-hand observations and data collection in the environment being studied.

A graph showing how river discharge changes over time following a rainfall event, usually displayed alongside rainfall.

A broad, relatively flat area beside a river that can be covered by water during floods.

Restricting different land uses according to their flood risk, keeping vulnerable or high-value development away from the most flood-prone land.

The likelihood that flooding will occur in an area.

A map using lines of different widths to represent the size of movements between places; arrows can indicate direction.

Lines on a map that show movement between places, with the width of each line in proportion to the amount moving.

Relating to rivers and the processes carried out by flowing river water.

A landscape shaped by rivers and their processes.

The point within Earth where an earthquake begins.

A sequence of organisms showing feeding relationships and the transfer of energy from food to consumer.

A shortfall in food supply compared with the amount needed.

A lack of reliable access to enough safe and nutritious food for a healthy, active life.

The distance food travels from where it is produced to where it is consumed.

Reliable access to enough safe, nutritious and affordable food.

A situation in which the amount of food available exceeds the amount needed.