Psychology key terms

An experimental design in which each participant takes part in every condition.

An experimental design in which the same participants complete every condition.

A method in which the same participant recalls the same material on several occasions, allowing changes over time to be examined.

Presenting information repeatedly to make it more familiar and easier to remember.

Repeating a study to check whether similar results are obtained.

The extent to which a sample reflects the relevant characteristics of its target population.

A sample that reflects the relevant characteristics of the target population.

An unconscious defence mechanism that keeps threatening or unacceptable thoughts, feelings and desires out of conscious awareness.

The influence of a researcher's expectations or personal views on how evidence is collected, interpreted or reported.

The ethical principle of recognising everyone's dignity and worth, respecting their rights, privacy and ability to make their own choices.

The ethical principle of being accountable for one's actions, protecting welfare and preventing harm or misuse of psychological knowledge and influence.

A process in which an offender and victim communicate about the harm caused by a crime and consider how the offender can make amends.

A network in the brainstem involved in regulating alertness and arousal.

The difference between the images received by the left and right retinas, which the brain uses to judge depth.

The image formed by light falling on the light-sensitive surface at the back of the eye.

Recovering information that has been stored in memory.

A stimulus, such as a smell, sound or place, that helps a person access stored information.

An inability to access stored information because an appropriate cue is absent.

Actively recalling information from memory to strengthen later recall, rather than only reading or looking at it again.

Loss of access to memories formed before the onset of brain damage or illness.

The reabsorption of a released neurotransmitter into the nerve cell that released it.

The ability to mentally reverse an action or sequence of events.

A participant's right to stop taking part in research without penalty or pressure to continue.

A person or character whom someone admires, looks up to or wants to resemble.

A bee movement consisting of rapid circles to the right and left, associated in Von Frisch’s study with food less than 100 metres from the hive.

The smaller group selected from a target population to take part in research.

The number of participants in a sample.