AQA GCSE Physics · 8463
Specification 4.5.7.3 · Paper 2
Revise: Changes in momentumThe direction of the resultant force is the direction of the change in momentum.
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GCSE Physics · key term
The final momentum minus the initial momentum; for an object of constant mass, .
Used by AQA and Edexcel
Specification 4.5.7.3 · Paper 2
Revise: Changes in momentumThe direction of the resultant force is the direction of the change in momentum.
Specification 2.26 · Paper 1
Momentum gained or lost, calculated as final momentum minus initial momentum.
The equation shows that a greater change in momentum during the same time produces a greater force. It also shows that spreading the same momentum change over a longer time produces a smaller average force.
A complete safety explanation links the same change in momentum to a longer stopping time and therefore a smaller mean force. Do not simply say that padding “absorbs the force”.
Write the change in momentum as final momentum minus initial momentum: , not the other way round.
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