AQA GCSE Mathematics · 8300
Specification N8, A4, A24, G21 · Paper 1, Paper 2, Paper 3
An irrational root written exactly, such as or . A root such as is not a surd because it is rational.
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GCSE Mathematics · key term
A square root left in exact form, such as , when it cannot be simplified to a rational number.
Used by AQA, Edexcel and OCR
Specification N8, A4, A24, G21 · Paper 1, Paper 2, Paper 3
An irrational root written exactly, such as or . A root such as is not a surd because it is rational.
Give an exact answer in surd form unless the question asks for a decimal approximation.
Simplify every surd before deciding which terms are like terms; for example, and become like terms because .
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A surd is an irrational root left in exact form.
An irrational root written exactly, such as , which cannot be simplified to a rational number.
An irrational root left in exact form, such as or .
A root that cannot be simplified to a rational number, such as or .
Specification N8, A4, A18, A24, G21 · Paper 1, Paper 2, Paper 3
An irrational root left in root notation because it cannot be written as a rational number, such as .
Revise: Exact Calculations and SurdsA surd is a root that cannot be expressed as a rational number.
An irrational root written exactly, such as or .
An exact expression containing a square root that cannot be simplified to a rational number, such as .
Specification 3.03a, 3.03b, 6.03b, 10.05c · Paper 1 (Foundation), Paper 2 (Foundation), Paper 3 (Foundation), Paper 4 (Higher), Paper 5 (Higher), Paper 6 (Higher)
An irrational root left in exact form, such as or .
Revise: Exact ValuesA surd is an irrational root kept in exact form.
A root that has an irrational value and is left in exact root form, such as or .
A root such as that cannot be simplified to a rational number. Leaving an answer in surd form gives an exact value.
A square root left in exact form when it does not simplify to a whole number, such as .
After multiplying surds or rationalising a denominator, simplify the final expression fully.
An exact irrational root that cannot be simplified to a rational number, such as .
A square root that cannot be simplified to a rational number, such as or .